Шаблон nginx конфига
Микросервисы (API Gateway)
Nginx как API Gateway для нескольких микросервисов на разных портах
Пример конфига
nginx.conf
upstream auth_service {
server 127.0.0.1:8001;
keepalive 16;
}
upstream api_service {
server 127.0.0.1:8002;
keepalive 32;
}
upstream frontend_service {
server 127.0.0.1:8003;
keepalive 16;
}
upstream static_service {
server 127.0.0.1:8004;
keepalive 8;
}
# HTTP → HTTPS редирект
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name example.com;
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}
# API Gateway
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
server_name example.com;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem;
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_timeout 1d;
server_tokens off;
client_max_body_size 10m;
access_log /var/log/nginx/gateway-access.log combined;
error_log /var/log/nginx/gateway-error.log warn;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains" always;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml image/svg+xml;
# Auth service
location /api/auth/ {
proxy_pass http://auth_service;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header Connection "";
proxy_read_timeout 60s;
}
# Main API service
location /api/ {
proxy_pass http://api_service;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header Connection "";
proxy_read_timeout 60s;
}
# Static assets service
location /static/ {
proxy_pass http://static_service;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header Connection "";
expires 30d;
add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
}
# Frontend service (catch-all)
location / {
proxy_pass http://frontend_service;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header Connection "";
proxy_read_timeout 60s;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
}
Как настроить
-
Запустите каждый микросервис на своём порту: auth на 8001, api на 8002, frontend на 8003, static на 8004
-
Порядок location блоков важен: более специфичные пути (/api/auth/) должны быть выше общих (/api/)
-
Для добавления нового сервиса: добавьте upstream блок и соответствующий location
-
Скопируйте конфиг в /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com и активируйте
-
Проверьте синтаксис и перезагрузите: nginx -t && systemctl reload nginx